Tuesday, December 13, 2022

Unprecedented Progress On Rabia Enclave

The construction of Rabia Enclave is a large-scale project that will transform the area. The project has been an ongoing process since its inception, and it is now construction updates by 30 November 2022. In this article, we will provide an overview of the progress made so far and outline any updates that have been announced until now. We will also discuss the impressive developments planned for the coming years, and what impact they could have on Rabia Enclave's future.

Overhead Water Tank Construction Phase 1 and 2



Phase 1 of the Overhead Water Tank construction involved setting up the framework for the tank. This included Planning the necessary foundations, constructing the walls, and installing the roof. Phase 2 was focused on completing of the water tank wall. making sure that all components were tested and ready to go before commissioning.

 

Electric wiring work on 6th floor of building C-1


Work has begun on the electric wiring for the 6th floor of building C-1. Professional electricians are being hired to ensure that all safety protocols are followed as they install new wiring throughout the floor. Once completed, this project will provide a safe and efficient network of electricity throughout the 6th floor of building C-1.



 

Door Installation work on 6th floor of building C-1


Installing a wooden door on the 6th floor of building C-1 was no small feat. It required careful planning and attention to detail to ensure that the door fit perfectly, as any misalignment would cause a lot of inconvenience. After much hard work and dedication, the installation was successful, and the door now serves as an important part of the building’s security system.

 


Block masonry work in progress on 7th floor of building C-1


Workers are hard at work on the 7th floor of building C-1, making progress with the block masonry. The task is a difficult one, as they have to be extremely precise in their measurements and cuts. So far, they are making excellent progress, laying down the blocks in perfect alignment and sealing them together with mortar.


 

Conclusion: Overall Progress

In conclusion, the construction of the electric wiring work, and door installation on the 6th floor of building C-1 have all been completed. Block masonry and overhead water tank work is still in progress. Through this project, we are proud to have provided a safe and efficient environment for the people living in this community. We will continue to strive towards creating efficient solutions that benefit our community and beyond.

Thursday, December 8, 2022

Unexplored Riches: 70K Millionaires Flourish in UAE

"Unexpectedly High: 22% Increase in Wealthy Households Ahead" 



The rise of Dubai’s branded residence segment started with Armani Residences in Burj Khalifa in 2010. Image: Canva

Dubai is becoming a hub for luxury branded residences, with the UAE currently home to nearly 70,000 millionaires. This number is only expected to increase over the next few years, with a 22 percent rise in high-net-worth households forecasted by 2027. This makes Dubai an attractive destination for those looking to invest in luxury properties, as the demand for these residences continues to grow.

Dubai's property sector has become a major draw for high-net-worth-individuals, leveraging luxury with lifestyle living. It has now established itself as the world's leading destination for branded residences, offering a range of luxurious amenities and services to its discerning clients. The city is renowned for its diverse range of residential offerings and provides a wide scope of options from ultra-modern apartments to exceptional waterfront villas.

The launch of Armani Residences in Burj Khalifa in 2010 marked the beginning of Dubai's branded residence segment. Luxury developers and brands have since recognized the mutual benefit of such a concept, leading to more branded residences being made available in the city. These developments provide high-end services and amenities that create an exclusive lifestyle experience for their residents, while also giving the luxury brands further recognition and exposure.

In the first half of 2022, an impressive number of transactions were recorded in the UAE. Specifically, over 3,300 transactions valued at AED160 billion were made within this 6-month period. This is a significant milestone for the local economy and points to the immense potential that lies ahead. The demand for branded residences has been growing steadily and is showing no signs of slowing down in the foreseeable future. This demonstrates great potential for the country's overall real estate sector, and with the Qatar World Cup officially underway, there is even more investment being poured into this sector. The combination of increased demand and added investment will undoubtedly lead to a prosperous future for the real estate industry in Qatar.

The branded residences segment is among the beneficiaries of the real estate market in India. This segment has seen a surge in demand as more and more people are opting for luxury residences with premium amenities. Moreover, the introduction of technology-driven services has further escalated the popularity of branded residences, making it a preferred choice for many discerning customers.

Developing quality residential and commercial real estate is one of the most important things a business can do. It's important to make sure your property is well designed and built to last. In addition, it is important to ensure that properties are affordable for those who live or use them for 20 years under the banner of property developer Shaikhani his group.

Monday, November 28, 2022

Dubai property market on fire as transactions hit $4bn in one week

A total of 2,867 real estate transactions worth more than $4.08bn (AED15bn) were recorded in Dubai this week, according to the latest report from the Dubai Land

Department (DLD).

This includes 313 plots sold for a total of $427m (AED1.57bn), which is the most transactions for this week. The sum of mortgaged properties for the week stood at $2.3bn (AED8.43bn).

This week, the sum of mortgaged properties stood at $2.3bn (AED8.43bn). This is a significant increase from last week when the sum was $1.7bn (AED6.29bn). The increase can be attributed to the fact that more people are taking out mortgages to buy property.

This is great news for the Dubai real estate market and shows that it is still going strong despite the current global pandemic. Meanwhile, 145 properties were granted between first-degree relatives worth $142.3m (AED523m).

In conclusion, the Dubai property market is on fire as transactions hit $4bn in one week. This is a remarkable turnaround from the market crash of 2008 and is a testament to the strength of the Dubai economy. With prices expected to continue to rise, now is the time to invest in Dubai real estate.

Shaikhani Group, a real estate developer in Dubai and Karachi, is back with its new venture. The company has been working on this project for a while and is excited to finally share. The new venture is a luxury development that will be in the Dubai and Karachi. They are soon going to deliver Gardenia, Rabia Enclave and The Motor city. These are all great places to live, work and play. They offer a wide variety of amenities and each one is unique. You can't go wrong with any of these three choices.

Developing high-quality residential and commercial properties is one of the most important things that a company can do. It is important to make sure that the properties are well-designed and built to last. In addition, it is important to make sure that the properties are affordable for the people who will be living in or using them last two decades under the banner of Real Estate Developers Shaikhani
Group Dubai

Monday, November 21, 2022

Dubai ranked as world leader for branded residences

 



Supply levels are forecast to grow as brands identify areas popular with high-net-worth individuals, such as the UAE

 

Dubai has been ranked as the world's leading administrator of branded residences, based on a recent report. The marketplace has grown by more than 150 percent over the last decade, and it has proven to be resilient during difficult periods.

Dubai has 40 branded residences plus a pipeline set to elevate that number to more than 70. South Florida and New York City rank second and third in terms of destinations for completing and existing pipeline.

That is, worldwide business is launching new store locations to expand and affluent, globally-mobile individuals will create demand for branded dwellings. According to Swapnil Pillai of Savills Middle East, this will continue to drive demand for high-end properties.

High-value corporations are figuring out how to obtain their home bases by learning which parts of HNWI [high net worth individual] towns are seeing the largest rates of population growth. Over the past 5 years, HNWI census correlates with the highest growth rate in North America (53 percent), followed by the Middle East (34 percent) and Asia Pacific (31 percent) to the strongest increase of branded residence stock over the same period.”

The researchers praised the number of millionaires in the Emirates, Nile, the Arabian Peninsula, and the Levant. UAE, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and Qatar are expected to also see growth in the number of high-net-worth individuals.

A rapid increase in wealth is being driven by growth in financial and real assets. About 41% of the nation's wealth is predicted to come from the HNWIs in 2026 and is anticipated to rise to 43% by that year.

Despite prior higher-than-average trends in high-end housing developments in popular areas of Dubai, South Florida, and New York, slowing branded residential growth is now seen in these areas.

Knight Frank published a report indicating that Dubai now contained two clear concentrations of branded homes: Central Dubai, extending from Downtown Dubai along the Dubai Canal, out to Jumeirah, and New Dubai, comprising The Palm Jumeirah, Dubai Marina and Jumeirah Lakes Towers.

Shaikhani Group, one of the most influential real estate developers in Dubai is back with its new venture. The company had its glorious past during the nineties and even after a brief phase of some lean years, they are back again with a bang. Based out of Gardenia, Rabia Enclave and The Motor city, the Shaikhani group has been developing high-quality residential and commercial properties in Dubai and Karachi for the last two decades under the banner of Real Estate Developers Shaikhani Group. When it comes to their associates, we have seen some of the best on this list as well. Here’s everything about them!

 

Saturday, October 22, 2022

Shaikhani Group started in the 1990s as a Real Estate.

 


The Shaikhani Group of Companies has a history of over three decades and it is one of the fastest growing real-estate conglomerates in Karachi with many ventures under its wings. The Group’s strong foundation in real estate development, brokerage, construction, and consultancy has helped it grow exponentially. The group was founded by Mr Abubaker Shaikhani and since then it has grown into one of the leading real-estate companies in Pakistan, and later they expanded to Dubai. In 1991, the company started its operations with a single project – Apartments in Karachi – which has now become its flagship. Today, it operates more than 30 projects in Karachi. while continuing to develop new properties across various sectors. Its most recent venture is Reflections Apartments at Rabia Enclave, Rabia Enclave Residences, Champions Tower 3, The Motor City, Gardenia Residency and Cambridge Business Centre developed by Shaikhani Group

 

 

Gardenia is a modern residential tower in Dubai

The Gardenia building is a modern residential tower located in Jumeirah Village Circle, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The project is one of the largest residential projects in the city. The construction is in process. The Gardenia Residency building is a residential tower that is located at JVC in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The project has a lot of amenities that modern Apartments should have.

 

The Shaikhani Group aims to enhance the quality of life by creating and developing world-class properties and attendant infrastructure

The Shaikhani Group aspires to create and develop world-class properties and infrastructure. With a wide-ranging development portfolio and expertise in real estate, infrastructure, hospitality and integrated projects, the Group has created a niche for itself in the property market. This expertise has enabled it to deliver quality projects at an affordable cost.

 

The Shaikhani Group achieves its success by maintaining strong ties with people at all levels, both within and outside the organization.

The Shaikhani Group has a strong social responsibility program. Since the inception of the Group, the vision has been to create a better world in which people live in harmony with one another. This vision has guided all its strategies and actions. All the Group’s activities are geared toward contributing positively to the society through innovative projects, effective real estate strategies and a social responsibility program that are designed to provide social and environmental benefits to the local and wider communities.

 

Armed with an experience of over 30 years in real estate development, having delivered over 30,000 units across the world since it first began its operations in 1978, the Group had announced its plans to invest AED 1 billion in freehold property development projects in the UAE by 2008.

The Group has successfully launched its first project, the Reflections Apartments at Rabia. It is a residential project that is built on a freehold land with a gross built-up area. Besides the residential units, the project also includes a shopping centre, fitness centre, car park, children’s playground, gym, and a swimming pool. The Shaikhani Group has also developed Champions Tower 3, which is a High-Rise residential tower and a part of the Champions Tower in Dubai. The Motor City is based on Racing track (international Standards) project in Karachi. The Shaikhani Group also has a stake in the Real Estate that is engaged in the development and sale of residential and commercial real estate projects in Dubai and Karachi.

 

Real Estate Ventures is an investment company based out of Dubai that specializes in real estate and asset management services. Their core competencies include property management & leasing, property development and brokerage services.

Real Estate Ventures is an investment company based out of Dubai that specializes in real estate and asset management services. Real Estate Ventures has a strong track record in asset management and brokerage services. They have a diversified portfolio of assets that include office buildings, residential apartments, hotels, retail shops and industrial plots. Real Estate Ventures’ core competence lies in asset management and brokerage services. They have a diversified portfolio of assets that include office buildings, residential apartments, hotels, retail shops and industrial plots. They have a strong track record in asset management and brokerage services. They have a diversified portfolio of assets that include office buildings, residential apartments, hotels, retail shops and industrial plots.

Monday, October 10, 2022

Ease in pandemic restrictions: Dubai real estate set to pick up growth momentum

 



Easing pandemic-related restrictions to benefit property, tourism, aviation and other sectors; Real estate transactions exceed Dh180 billion in first nine months of 2022

The Dubai real estate looks set to regain growth momentum as the government eased most of the pandemic-related restrictions that will benefit tourism, aviation, hospitality, logistics and retail sectors, experts say.

Analysts, top executives and industry experts said property sector will be ultimate beneficiary of the ease in travel restrictions which were imposed to contain the Covid-19 pandemic. They said real estate sustained steady growth trend even during the pandemic and now it will pick up growth momentum as investors face no major restrictions to visit and invest in the UAE.

Haider Tuaima, director and head of Real Estate Research at ValuStrat, said real estate will sustain an upward trend as strong demand persists in the market."We can expect continued high momentum in relation to demand for end-user as well as investment properties in Dubai. The pandemic restrictions have not dampened the market as a record number of sales continued during the last 21 months. But this trend could change due to the rising cost of living, increasing mortgage rates, stronger US dollar, and anticipated new supply," Tuaima told Khaleej Times.

Latest data indicates that the Dubai real estate registered record sales during the first nine months of 2022 as investors and end-users rushed to purchase properties in the emirate.

“The total sales value exceeded Dh180 billion with more than 67,000 transactions during the January-September 2022, making it the largest sales value ever during the first nine months of the year. Previously, the emirate recorded Dh116 billion highest sales in the similar period in 2009,” according to the latest data by Dubai Land Department.

Bright prospects ahead

Imran Farooq, CEO of Samana Developer, said ease in Covid-related restrictions will further accelerate growth in the real estate sector.

"It's a moment as the world simply wants to forget about the pandemic and move on. No Covid limitation will encourage more travellers. More in-bound visitors and visitors means Dubai real estate will get a boost," Farooq told Khaleej Times.

David Abood, partner at real estate consultancy Core, said the strong momentum that the Dubai real estate market gained over early 2022 continues with robust growth witnessed across performance indicators for all asset classes.

"Transaction volumes continued to keep their upward trajectory with third quarter of 2022 recording the highest value of secondary market transactions concluded ever in a quarter and the second highest number of transactions till date.

"As we go back to pre-pandemic levels with travel, mobility, occupancy levels and regulations (particularly the recent announcement that masks are no longer required, with a few of exceptions) indicating a return to normalcy, we expect socio-economic sentiment to improve further," Abood told Khaleej Times.

HNWIs to lead

Ata Shobeiry, chief executive of Zoom Property, said Dubai property market has a history of showing great resilience to external factors. "There was a dip when the pandemic was at its peak in the region. However, thanks to the government policies, a successful vaccine drive, and incentives offered by developers, it picked up pieces quickly and has been cruising since then," Shobeiry said.

"And now, since the pandemic restrictions are officially over, the market will continue its upward trajectory. Many foreign investors and HNWIs have already shown interest in Dubai real estate, which is evident from the market’s performance in the last few months," he said.

Ayman Youssef, vice-president, Coldwell Banker, UAE, said travel and tourism contribute a substantial part of the GDP, and have a significant impact on various industry, business and economic aspects. Besides the fact that 10 per cent of employment comes from this industry which accounts for a noteworthy part of the population, the inflow of tourists, relaxed visa rules and increased business opportunities is bound to create an increased need for housing and real estate facilities.

"It is basically a ripple effect, opening up of travel and tourism will result in an influx of visitors, businessmen and investors leading to a better economic situation and increase in population. This will subsequently result in an increase in demand of real estate properties and will drive better pricing," he said.

Villa sales to dominate

Tuaima of ValuStrat said the villa segment will sustain strong demand in the post-Covid era.

"Villa and townhouse prices appreciated 52 per cent since the pandemic trough, but are still overall lower than the 2014 peak with exceptions in Palm Jumeirah and Emirates Hills where villa prices are now well above their 2014 highs. Demand is expected to continue to be strong particularly for larger, well-located homes, albeit at slower growth rates," he said.

Farooq of Samana Developer said Dubai Land Department stats and new enquiries for our projects are currently witnessing extra ordinary demand from end-users.

"It is not only villa or penthouse but the investor interest is across the board including high quality apartments and luxury properties gaining popularity among new millionaires and billionaires flocking to Dubai," he said.

Villa supply constraint

Abood of Core said villa demand will remain strong due to supply constraints.

"Yes, the reason for increase in villa prices and occupancy rates reflect the strong demand for villas thereby creating a supply deficit. The need for larger unit types, especially villas and townhouses having sufficient usable outdoor space with masterplans offering a variety of amenities and a sense of strong community remains a key decision driver for many residents, particular for families with children," he said.

"While we expect some reversal in demand from villas to apartments due to the high prices, most existing villa occupiers would prefer moving to affordable areas to continue living in villas," he said.

Double-digit growth

Shobeiry of Zoom Property said villa prices in a few neighbourhoods continue to cross double-digit figures in terms of monthly growth.

"Take the example of Palm Jumeirah and Dubai Hills Estate. These communities witnessed a price increase of 18 per cent and 11.5 per cent, respectively, in August 2022. Despite this significant price increase, the demand for villas is increasing. This clearly shows that the villa segment will sustain strong demand post-Covid era as well," he said.

Yourself of Coldwell Banker, UAE, said villa sales surged during the pandemic as people preferred bigger space over the apartments.

"While the demand for the villa and luxury segment did pick up during the pandemic as people were looking for bigger and better working spaces due to the change in lifestyle and work schedules, we are positive that this trend will sustain and we can expect moderate growth," he said.

"The ultra-luxury segment will grow at a slower rate, however beach front properties are expected to continue the growth, mainly because at the moment the demand for beach front properties is high while supply is limited," he said.

 

Shaikhani Group is working in Dubai since 1993, there was a time where 2000 Companies came and enlisted themselves as Genuine Designers, in today’s time exceptionally company survived, since of rules and controls of Dubai, Shaikhani is one of them who are still working in Dubai, this step which our pioneer of Dubai took it.

That’s the leading since it'll control the request and supply, also, it would be exceptionally advantageous for the client to have a variety of his choice within the same cost plan.

Dubai may be an endless city where each culture life in and Dubai’s government is taking actions to create beyond any doubt it'll be useful to all societies. They have distinctive ventures which are still in advance before long it'll be handover, those ventures are Gardenia, Champions Tower 3, Cambridge Trade Middle, and others are in pipeline. Usually the benchmark and trustiness of the company that in case you contribute with them, it'll be secure and productive in future. Encourage points of interest to visit their site www.shaikhanigroup.com

Monday, September 26, 2022

Dubai residents have two weeks to register all cohabitants in apartments



Registration can be done through the Dubai REST app

The Dubai Land Department has notified all owners, developers, property management companies and tenants to register their co-occupant details in owned and leased properties.

The registration can be done through the Dubai REST app and must be completed within a “maximum of two weeks with immediate effect,” a circular issued by the Dubai Land Department said.

To register their co-occupants, all owners, developers, property management companies and tenants must follow an eight-step process, including adding personal details and the Emirates ID.

How to register?

1. Open Dubai REST App and log in to the Application. Please register if you’re a new user.

2. Choose your role as an “individual” and log in with UAE PASS for quick access

3. Authenticate yourself via the UAE PASS application

4. From the dashboard, select the property where you are a tenant/ owner

5. Select manage co-occupants to proceed

6. Select “add more” to add co-occupants to the property where you are a tenant 7. Enter the Emirates ID and date of birth of the co-occupant and select ‘verify.’

8. Add all family members who are living on that property. To remove a co-occupant, select the delete icon and submit.

As part of sweeping reforms such as changes to policies around divorce and inheritance, the UAE relaxed family laws to allow legal cohabitation of unmarried couples or unrelated flatmates in 2020.

Mr. Mahmood is the group director of the Shaikhani Group. Start a green environmental project in Karachi, where we work to make sure that everyone has the best possible living conditions. It will be a sense of peace knowing that there is no reliable electricity, water, or other essential services. The project is situated in Gulshan e Iqbal Scheme 33. At the moment, there are only a few apartments left as all the remaining apartments have been sold. Since the customers are asking for what they really need, the company plans to complete the project and hand it over to the public.

Saturday, September 17, 2022

Dubai property price growth eases in August, report says

The significant price rises recorded earlier in the year are slowing against a backdrop of rising interest rates and new supply



Dubai property prices experienced their slowest monthly growth rate in 18 months in August, according to a report by property consultancy ValuStrat.

“The villa submarket continued to perform, albeit at a slower 1.3 per cent month-on-month expansion,” its August report said.

Apartments, which represent the majority of Dubai's residential market, “gradually approached possible price ceilings with a modest 0.7 per cent monthly rise”, it said.

The residential ValuStrat Price Index (VPI) rose 1 per cent monthly to 83.1 points last month. The 100 base points were set in January 2014.

The VPI for the villa segment was up more than 28 per cent annually to 101.9, while the apartment VPI stood at 71.4 points, an increase of about 8 per cent year on year.

Dubai property prices, particularly in prime areas, have increased over the past 12 months on the back of the wider economic recovery in the UAE from the coronavirus-induced slowdown.

The city has reported an influx of high-net-worth individuals and its market has also been buoyed by the success of the UAE's golden visa programme.

In July, Dubai also recorded the highest number of sales transactions in the past 12 years, according to Property Finder.

However, rising interest rates are expected to taper price growth in the latter part of the year.

“Demand for residential properties has reached an all-time high this year, but this trend could change due to the rising cost of living, increasing mortgage rates and anticipated new supply,” Haider Tuaima, director and head of real estate research at ValuStrat, told Reuters.

Average villa prices were up 28.1 per cent annually in August, ValuStrat said. The top performers were Arabian Ranches (33.3 per cent), Jumeirah Islands (31.9 per cent), Palm Jumeirah (29 per cent) and the Meadows (28.8 per cent).

Meanwhile, apartments recorded a more moderate 7.9 per cent average annual increase, with the highest growth registered on The Palm Jumeirah (18.2 per cent), Burj Khalifa (16.7 per cent) and Jumeirah Beach Residences (13.7 per cent).

The volume of residential sales transactions also jumped 80.4 per cent annually and 40.8 per cent monthly in August, ValuStrat said.

A total of 25 transactions valued at more than Dh30 million ($8.16m) were recorded last month. One transaction involved a villa located in Jumeirah Bay Island, which sold for Dh115m, while the largest penthouse at Atlantis The Royal Residences on The Palm Jumeirah sold for Dh163m.

The top off-plan locations for transactions in August included projects located in Damac Lagoons (14.3 per cent), Business Bay (12.1 per cent), Jumeirah Village (10.4 per cent), Arjan (8.8 per cent) and Downtown Dubai (7.2 per cent).

Industry experts told The National last month that demand in the UAE’s mortgage market is being driven by “Fomo [fear of missing out] buyers”, as potential home owners rushed to the market amid rising prices.

Shaikhani Group is working in Dubai since 1993, there was a time where 2000 Companies came and enlisted themselves as Genuine Designers, in today’s time exceptionally company survived, since of rules and controls of Dubai, Shaikhani is one of them who are still working in Dubai, this step which our pioneer of Dubai took it.

That’s the leading since it'll control the request and supply, also, it would be exceptionally advantageous for the client to have a variety of his choice within the same cost plan.

Dubai may be an endless city where each culture life in and Dubai’s government is taking actions to create beyond any doubt it'll be useful to all societies. They have distinctive ventures which are still in advance before long it'll be handover, those ventures are Gardenia, Champions Tower 3, Cambridge Trade Middle, and others are in pipeline. Usually the benchmark and trustiness of the company that in case you contribute with them, it'll be secure and productive in future. Encourage points of interest to visit their site www.shaikhanigroup.com

Wednesday, September 7, 2022

Dubai records $2 billion real estate transactions in a week amid market boom



2,593 transactions were recorded during the week, with 320 plots being sold for a total value of AED 1.75 billion, and 1,720 apartments and villas sold for AED 3.55 billion

Dubai’s real estate and properties transactions were valued at AED 7.4 billion in total during the week ending September 2, 2022, according to statistics from the Dubai Land Department.

2,593 transactions were recorded during the week, with 320 plots being sold for a total value of AED 1.75 billion, and 1,720 apartments and villas sold for AED 3.55 billion.

Land sales in Saih Shuaib 3, Island 2 and Saih Shuaib 4 ranked as the top three for transactions after being sold for AED 168 million, AED 115 million and AED 78 million, respectively.

 Al Hebiah Fifth recorded the highest number of transactions this week with 107 sales transactions worth AED 329.68 million.

An apartment sold for AED776 million in Marsa Dubai, was also among the top transactions.

Recently Mr. Mahmood group director of Shaikhani Group. Launch a Green Environmental Project in Karachi, where they make sure people get the best where they live. It will be a peace of mind where no electric, Water and other facilities are provided on time. That project is in the heart of Gulshan e Iqbal Scheme 33.

Right now, there are few apartments are left where all the remaining apartments have been sold. Because they are providing what is the actual demand of the customers, they are planning to complete this project and handover to the public. 

Surging Demand and Tight Supply Propel Dubai's Luxury Property Market to New Heights

  Certainly! Dubai's luxury real estate market has demonstrated remarkable growth, particularly in its prime residential sector, where p...